Minor (Aeolian)

大調小調

自然/和聲/旋律小音階

• Major Scale: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
• Nature Minor Scale: 1 2 b3 4 5 b6 b7
• Harmonic Minor Scale: 1 2 b3 4 5 b6 7
• Melodic Minor Scale: 1 2 b3 4 5 6 7 1 b7 b6 5 4 b3 2 1

Learning notes of Secondary Dominant.

Secondary Dominant

什麼是大調小調？

Dominant

• V -> I

讓 Dominant 更漂亮

• ii -> V -> I or vii7(b5) -> V7 -> i

用 2-5-1

• ii -> V -> I -> (Key - whole note) ii -> V -> I -> (Key - whole note) ii -> V -> I -> …

Advanced Reading

• Secondary Dominant from GTCafe Studio
• Q: 為什麼小調的 iv7 會變 IV7?
  A: Harmonic Minor Scale

Learning how to make chord progression for a melody.

How to Make Chord Progression

如何幫一個旋律配上和弦？

• 使用和弦內音的方式來配置

用 C, G7, Dm 和 F

• 使用和弦內音的方式來配置 並 考慮 ii -> V -> I, I -> IV 等慣用進行

用大調 1-6 級

• 把 Tonic -> Sub-dominant -> Dominant -> Tonic 的感覺考慮進去
• normally we use Tonic -> Sub-dominant or Tonic -> Dominant (but it’s more comfortable to use Tonic -> Sub-dominant -> Tonic) (1)
• normally we use Sub-dominant -> Tonic or Sub-dominant -> Dominant (2)
• normally we use Dominant -> Tonic (3)
• 先用 I, IV, V 配置，再用 (3), (2), (1) 修飾

用 Secondary Dominant Chord

• 每個和弦轉換皆可觀查是否能用

Advanced Reading

• ii-V-I Progression

Major (Ionian)

Learning from key C.

Triads

• C: 1-3-5 (1 3 5)
• Dm: 2-4-6 (1 b3 5)
• Em: 3-5-7 (1 b3 5)
• F: 4-6-1 (1 3 5)
• G: 5-7-2 (1 3 5)
• Am: 6-1-3 (1 b3 5)
• Bdim: 7-2-4 (1 b3 b5)

Shape

• 1st Inversion

• 2nd Inversion

Seventh Chord

• CM7: 1-3-5-7 (1 3 5 7)
• Dm7: 2-4-6-1 (1 b3 5 b7)
• Em7: 3-5-7-2 (1 b3 5 b7)
• FM7: 4-6-1-3 (1 3 5 7)
• G7: 5-7-2-4 (1 3 5 b7)
• Am7: 6-1-3-5 (1 b3 5 b7)
• Bm7(b5): 7-2-4-6 (1 b3 b5 b7)

[note]:

1. Bm is 7-2-#4 and Bm7 is 7-2-#4-6.
2. Half-diminished seventh: 1 b3 b5 b7
3. Diminished seventh: 1 b3 b5 bb7

Reference:

• Seventh Chord

External Reading:

• Key Signature
• Arppegio

[Class Diagram] Association, Aggregation and Composition

Association: ... has a ...

ex. Professor has books and books belong to one professor.

Aggregation: ... owns a ...

ex. Department has many professors in it, and professors belong to many departments or belong to many schools.

Composition: ... is a part of ...

ex. University has many departments, and departments belong to one university. While University closed, departments won't be existed.

[C++] return by address/reference

 int *createArrayAddr(int n) {  
   int *a = new int(5);  
     
   cout << (void*) a << endl;  
     
   return a;  
 }  
   
 int &createArrayRef(int &n) {  
     
   cout << &n << endl;  
     
   return n;  
 }  
   
 int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {  
   int *a = createArrayAddr(5);  
   cout << (void*) a << endl;  
     
   int n = 55;  
   cout << &n << endl;  
   int &n2 = createArrayRef(n);  
   cout << &n2 << endl;  
   
   return 0;  
 }  

RESULT:

 0x1001054d0  
 0x1001054d0  
 0x7fff5fbff7f4  
 0x7fff5fbff7f4  
 0x7fff5fbff7f4  

Your body language shapes who you are

Self-fulfill, faith, you believed in who you are, and you could be the one you want.